Why Won't Lipkin and Hornig Call it Non-HIV AIDS?

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-03/cums-sfc032715.php
Scientists find clues into cognitive dysfunction in chronic fatigue syndrome
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Immune markers in cerebrospinal fluid provide insights into the basis
for symptoms like 'brain fog'

Scientists at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health
have identified a unique pattern of immune molecules in the
cerebrospinal fluid of people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic
fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) that provides insights into the basis for
cognitive dysfunction--frequently described by patients as 'brain
fog'--as well as new hope for improvements in diagnosis and treatment.

In the study published in Molecular Psychiatry, Mady Hornig, MD, and
colleagues used immunoassay testing methods to measure the levels of
51 immune biomarkers called cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid of 32
people with ME/CFS for an average of seven years, 40 with multiple
sclerosis, and 19 non-diseased controls. The researchers found that
levels of most cytokines, including the inflammatory immune molecule,
interleukin 1, were depressed in individuals with ME/CFS compared with
the other two groups, matching what was seen in the blood study in
patients who had the disease for more than three years. One
cytokine--eotaxin--was elevated in the ME/CFS and MS groups, but not
in the control group.

'We now know that the same changes to the immune system that we
recently reported in the blood of people with ME/CFS with
long-standing disease are also present in the central nervous system,'
says Dr. Hornig, professor of Epidemiology and director of
translational research at the Center for Infection and Immunity at the
Mailman School. 'These immune findings may contribute to symptoms in
both the peripheral parts of the body and the brain, from muscle
weakness to brain fog.'



Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment

'Diagnosis of ME/CFS is now based on clinical criteria. Our findings
offer the hope of objective diagnostic tests for disease as well as
the potential for therapies that correct the imbalance in cytokine
levels seen in people with ME/CFS at different stages of their
disease,' adds W. Ian Lipkin, MD, John Snow Professor of Epidemiology
and director of the Center for Infection and Immunity. There is
precedent for use of human monoclonal antibodies that regulate the
immune response in a wide range of disorders from rheumatoid arthritis
to multiple sclerosis. However, the researchers note, additional work
will be needed to assess the safety and efficacy of this approach.

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The research was supported by a grant from the Chronic Fatigue
Initiative of the Hutchins Family Foundation and the Edward P. Evans
Foundation.

Additional study authors include Andrew F. Schultz, Meredith L. Eddy
and Xiaoyu Che at the Mailman School; C. Gunnar Gottschalk and Daniel
L. Peterson at Sierra Internal Medicine in Incline Village, NV; and
Konstance K. Knox at Coppe Health Care Solutions in Waukesha, WI, and
Simmaron Research in Incline Village, NV.


About Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health

Founded in 1922, Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health
pursues an agenda of research, education, and service to address the
critical and complex public health issues affecting New Yorkers, the
nation and the world. The Mailman School is the third largest
recipient of NIH grants among schools of public health. Its over 450
multi-disciplinary faculty members work in more than 100 countries
around the world, addressing such issues as preventing infectious and
chronic diseases, environmental health, maternal and child health,
health policy, climate change & health, and public health
preparedness. It is a leader in public health education with over
1,300 graduate students from more than 40 nations pursuing a variety
of master's and doctoral degree programs. The Mailman School is also
home to numerous world-renowned research centers including ICAP
(formerly the International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment
Programs) and the Center for Infection and Immunity. For more
information, please visit
http://www.mailman.columbia.edu.

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