Does inflammation cause the reactivation of endogenous retroviruses, some with pathological potential?

 From Perplexity A.I.

Does inflammation cause the reactivation of endogenous retroviruses, some with pathological potential?
Yes, inflammation can cause the reactivation of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), and some of these reactivated ERVs have pathological potential.

Multiple studies and reviews support a bidirectional relationship between inflammation and ERV expression:

Triggering Reactivation: Inflammatory processes, including those linked to infections, oxidative stress, or microbiota alterations, can remove epigenetic blocks (like DNA methylation) that normally silence ERVs in the genome. Loss of these controls leads to an increase in ERV expression.

Pathogenic Potential: Once reactivated, ERV transcripts and proteins can act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), triggering the host’s innate immune response via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as TLRs, cGAS, RIG-I, and MDA5. This activation not only drives further inflammation but can also contribute to tissue pathology in chronic diseases.

Vicious Circle: Studies emphasize a “vicious cycle” where inflammation reactivates ERVs, which in turn fuel more inflammation, perpetuating or aggravating pathological conditions. This cycle has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune disorders, kidney disease, and chronic inflammatory conditions.

Disease Models and Human Pathology: In the brain, aberrant ERV activation triggers neuroinflammation and is associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders. In the kidney, epigenetic derepression of ERVs leads to RIG-I/STING-mediated fibroinflammation. In the skin, the microbiota and diet-induced inflammation can both upregulate specific ERVs, enhancing immune responses and tissue inflammation.

In summary, inflammation is not only capable of reactivating otherwise silenced endogenous retroviruses, but this reactivation can contribute to a pathological cycle of chronic inflammation and disease.

Popular Posts in the Last 7 Days

The case that HHV-6 maybe the biggest unrecognized public health threat in the world.

Make the case that if Robert Gallo had discovered HHV-6 before he discovered HIV, it would have been reasonable for him to suggest it was the cause of AIDS.

Why HIV should be referred to as "a red herring."

Dr. Rebecca Culshaw Smith's book is discussed on Twitter

Inconsistencies in the HIV theory of AIDS

Anthony Fauci was part of the gang that silenced and destroyed Judy Mikovits.

Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma looks like the Crimson Crescents in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients.

Popular Post in the Last 30 Days

Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma looks like the Crimson Crescents in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients.

The case that HHV-6 maybe the biggest unrecognized public health threat in the world.

Why HIV should be referred to as "a red herring."

Pigs with ASFV also develop hypovolemia?

Inconsistencies in the HIV theory of AIDS

If HIV is definitively proven not to be the cause of AIDS, what class action lawsuits could be launched involving, diagnosis, treatment, and stigmatization?

An op-ed about CFS and AIDS written by Perplexity A.I.

Popular Posts from the Last Year

Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma looks like the Crimson Crescents in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients.

Dr. Rebecca Culshaw Smith's book is discussed on Twitter

A fictional discussion of AIDS between Senator Rand Paul and Rebecca Culshaw Smith

Doctors discuss using Chloroquine for COVID-19

Ablashi discusses HHV-6, AIDS, Alzheimer's, and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Is African Swine Fever a threat to human health in Congo?

All Time Most Popular Posts

Dr. Bhupesh Prusty and Professor Thomas Rudel discuss their HHV-6 research

Anthony Fauci was part of the gang that silenced and destroyed Judy Mikovits.

Was Judy Mikovits destroyed because her XMRV work would have ultimately shown HIV is a total fraud?

Is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome the other AIDS epidemic in the gay community?