From Perplexity A.I. Make the argument that the increasing sophistication of genetics is pulling the rug out from under the whole concept of disease causation. The increasing sophistication of genetics is fundamentally challenging, and in some ways undermining, the very concept of disease causation as a simple or singular process. Genetics Reveals Complexity Advanced genetic research shows that for most diseases, especially common and complex ones, multiple genetic variants—each with small effects—interact with environmental, social, and lifestyle factors to influence risk, making direct causation difficult to establish. Unlike Mendelian diseases, which were thought to result from deterministic genetic mutations, most forms of disease now appear to result from probabilistic interactions between genes, genetic backgrounds, and numerous external factors. Causation Becomes Probabilistic Rather than a single gene causing a disease, it’s now evident that genetic variants often only ra...
